ecursos disponibles.in English, Spanish Antecedentes La ubicación precisa de un cuerpo extraño intraocular es crucial para el manejo de pacientes con trauma ocular abierto. La tomografía computarizada se usa habitualmente para detectar su ubicación en el segmento posterior. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dpcpx.html Reportamos tres casos con diferentes cuerpos extraños intraoculares en el segmento posterior, que fueron localizados con precisión mediante la tomografía computarizada y ecografía modo B. Presentación del caso Presentamos tres casos con diferentes mecanismos de trauma, tipos de cuerpo extraño intraocular, síntomas clínicos y pronóstico visual. La tomografía computarizada determinó la ubicación exacta de todos los cuerpos extraños intraoculares en el segmento posterior. El ultrasonido modo B se realizó en un paciente con un cuerpo extraño intraocular no metálico. El primer caso tuvo una lesión ocular perforante con un cuerpo extraño intraorbitario; el caso dos y el caso tres presentaron diferentes tipos de cuerpos extraños intraoculares con pronóstico diferente. El manejo y el pronóstico fue distinto en todos los casos; todos se manejaron con éxito. La ubicación exacta de los cuerpos extraños intraoculares utilizando las diferentes modalidades de diagnóstico es importante en estos pacientes. Estos casos sirven como recordatorio de que el uso adecuado de las pruebas de imagen es indispensable en el contexto de un cuerpo extraño intraocular relacionado con trauma ocular abierto. Conclusión Las diferentes técnicas de imágenes son muy importantes para la detección de un cuerpo extraño intraocular. La tomografía computarizada es una de las modalidades de imagen más simple y efectiva para la localización de cuerpos extraños intraoculares relacionadas con trauma ocular abierto.in English, Spanish El síndrome de Noonan es un trastorno genético de herencia autosómica dominante, de expresión fenotípica variable. Pertenece al grupo de las enfermedades conocidas como rasopatías, trastornos producido por las mutaciones en los genes RAS. Los pacientes desarrollan síntomas como dismorfismo facial, talla baja, enfermedad cardíaca congénita, alteraciones músculos esqueléticas y discapacidad intelectual. En el presente reporte, se describe un caso de diagnóstico del síndrome de Noonan en un paciente de 14 años, realizado a nivel de atención primaria en Ecuador. El síndrome se identificó mediante diagnóstico clínico, permitiendo su derivación al segundo y tercer nivel de salud para una atención especializada.BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is a significant health issue for the elderly, and there are at present no clinically effective anti-AD agents. Prevention of Aß-induced neurotoxicity is proposed as a possible modality for treatment of AD. miR-33 has been proven to promote Aß secretion and impair Aß clearance in neural cells. The present study assessed whether miR-33 is involved in AD pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS miR-33 level was detected by qRT-PCR. The Akt/mTOR pathway was analyzed by Western blot analysis. Neuron inflammation and oxidative stress were measured using commercial detection kits. Flow cytometry and Western blot assay were conducted to assess cell apoptosis, and Western blot assay was used to assess synaptic protein levels. RESULTS miR-33 expression level was markedly upregulated in SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aß?????. miR-33 knockdown suppressed inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-33 knockdown improved synaptic plasticity, and the protective effect of miR-33 knockdown was discovered through suppressing activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-33 knockdown protects against Aß?????-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and synaptic damage by suppressing activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway.To better understand how radiotherapy delivery parameters affect the depletion of circulating lymphocytes in patients treated for intra-cranial tumors, we developed a computational human body blood flow model (BFM), that enables to estimate the dose to the circulating blood during the course of fractionated radiation therapy. A hemodynamic cardiovascular system based on human body reference values was developed to distribute the cardiac output to 24 different organs, described by a discrete Markov Chain. For explicit intracranial blood flow modeling, we extracted major cerebral vasculature from MRI data of a patient and complemented them with an extension network of generic vessels in the frontal and occipital lobes to guarantee even overall blood supply to the entire brain volume. An explicit Monte Carlo simulation was implemented to track the propagation of each individual blood particle (BP) through the brain and time-dependent radiation fields, accumulating dose along their trajectories. The cerebral modeiated to low doses but increase the amount of blood receiving high doses. Patient characteristics such as blood pressure, gender and age lead to smaller effects than variations in the dose rate. We developed a 4D human BFM including recirculating to estimate the radiation dose to the circulating blood during intracranial treatment and demonstrate its application to proton- versus photon-based delivery, various dose rates and patient characteristics. The radiation dose estimation to the circulating blood provides us better insight into the origins of radiation-induced lymphopenia.Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the adaptation process of international medical school students to university life in Turkey. Methods The mixed method design study, including all the international students (n=127) studying at Ege University School of Medicine, is employed. Qualitative data were collected from 23 students selected by purposive sampling technique. Two instruments were utilized for collecting data Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and Brief COPE. Focus group interviews were performed for qualitative data collection. Results The mean SACQ score of the medical students was found to be 407.44 (SD=68.29). The Academic Adjustment category included the themes of educational goals, different studying habits, accommodation, academic advisor, and scholarship. The Social Adjustment category included the themes of social interaction and support, differences, longing for family, discrimination and its effects on social life. The Personal/Emotional adjustment category included themes of psychological and physiological health problems.